Concepts of Cybernetics in conjunction with management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1998 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Every day we solve the problem or try to solve them. Both at work and at home. More and more problems. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Concepts of Cybernetics in conjunction with management" essay for you Create order Starting on the evening of rest and ending with how to find housing. And thats just the problems that we know who lie on the surface. And how many hidden, invisible problems? And unfortunately, the problems are not solved in isolation. For this we have to communicate, to join the organization. And if there are organizations, it means there is someone who is trying to coordinate and give the organization integrity. Then, the organization has come their problems, which also must be addressed. All this becomes too complicated. And begins to simplify the requirements. And here enters the game management cybernetics. What kind of science of cybernetics? Initially, the founder of cybernetics as a science is Norbert Wiener. In what major additions and improvements to cybernetics introduced Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer believed that cybernetics is the science of management and communication. Since cybernetics originated, of course, she has come a long way from its beginnings to the establ ishment of some basic concepts and ideas which are now fundamental. But today, as never before, with the development of information systems and technology raises the question:  «Is it possible to management cybernetics and its advantages, if any? » The main idea is how to correctly use the basic methodology as applied to information systems design and when it is worth doing. The correct answer and the prioritization of this issue may help to consider and improve science management to a fundamentally new and qualitatively. This is a relatively new science of its inception, but has already achieved significant results in organizations and tutoring services as commercial and noncommercial. Currently, management cybernetics developed and applied in large multinational companies in the private sector in policy -making bodies, professionally and personal life. Management cybernetics allows the head to look at the problem from a completely different look, and thus create an o pportunity for organizations create a certain immune response to the difficulties in the world. Below I will try to explain the nucleation management cybernetics and the basic bonuses and ideas its use in modern business and the tasks that need to solve management problems. Cybernetics in IS management Before considering such a thing as management cybernetics, I would like to depart from established definitions and give your view on this term, and subsequently find out what is cybernetics. Lets try to look more deeply into the definition and see its meaning. There are many definitions of cybernetics, one of the most common sounds in this way:  «Science the basis of governance.  » From my point of view, more easily and capacitance definition might sound like this: Cybernetics is the science that seeks to know the deep essence of natural phenomena, describe them more precise language, to formalize and make more effective methods of control. You could say that is some ÃÆ'‘ cybernetics common base, the theory of management in nature, society, social systems. One of the problems of cybernetics, Norbert Veer has stated, is the problem of optimal control of complex dynamic systems. If you think, we live in a world of complex dynamic systems. Hence cybernet ics can give us the answer how to correctly and efficiently build their relations in management issues and the relationship with the outside world. Currently, cybernetics can be divided into two large sections: theoretical and practical. Theoretical Cybernetics its aim is to study general fundamental laws and principles that govern the management of facilities of any nature. Applied cybernetics is in turn divided into three major areas: Biological Cybernetics ( control in living organisms ) Technical Cybernetics ( management of technical systems ) Economic cybernetics ( control in society ) Economic cybernetics, as the area of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹application techniques and methodologies to problems of economic cybernetics solves the problem of improving governance. Its main purpose is to study the production as a whole organism in order to determine the fundamental laws and principles, which in turn govern economic processes and phenomena, the formation methods of targeting economic processes, development of specific systems of economic planning and management that would help solve problems arising in the management and business planning. At the moment we came close to the concept of management cybernetics. I see this concept as part of cybernetics which uses the methods and achievements of cybernetics as a methodological, theoretical and technical basis for the decision to form a break. We can say that one of the probable causes of management cybernetics, from my point of view, is the fact that cybernetics has facilitated the establishment of quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the relationship of individual events, and management efficiency, mainly through the modeling of economic processes and the use of economic-mathematical methods to optimize management and decision-making. Modeling system, which offered management cybernetics, to some extent to assess the state of productio n, which can be achieved provided that the management decisions and that in turn will more clearly provide immediate results and effectiveness of management actions. This is one of the fundamental capacities to assess the quality of a company, organization, understanding at what stage of life the company is using the management cybernetics. Cybernetics just need and it is important to use in the management, because cybernetics ideas and approaches expanded the boundaries of management decision theory, which is developing a system possible outcomes in different situations, when the state and behavior of the managed object is well known, but when there is little data to determine the probability results in the implementation of decisions and, accordingly, there is a percentage of risk in achieving the desired result. Or in situations where there are no reliable data to assess the state of the object management and its ability to respond to these or other management decisions under unc ertainty, which is commonplace in our world of management. Thus using cybernetics in management there is a possibility to increase performance and create opportunities for addressing problems in areas such as functional operations research, mathematical analysis, and simulation, heuristics guiding decision-making, game theory, and mathematical statistics. One of the most important parts of cybernetics is part of the theory of information, which is the basis for information systems design. Science is widely used in the development of institutional management. For this purpose, operations research, organizational analysis, design, relationships between individual units based on network planning methods and management. The main ideas of management cybernetics based on the automation of individual transactions or groups of operations within the cycle of production management, as well as for creating workstations in managing and developing information management systems. Considerin g the cybernetics and management is important to note the next time the subject of cybernetics is the fundamental laws and principles of management that are common to wildlife, human society and industry. Management cybernetics, from my point of view, exploring the specific form of management managing the production and its specific to this area and particularly the problems. Particular attention should be paid to the general laws and principles of cybernetics that occur in specific controlled conditions of production economic organizations. Of course you can clearly note that the broader concept cannot replace the private and thus, the cybernetic concept of wider scope and content management concepts in a special science. On the other hand, the complex issues that we study the management cybernetics do not fit into the problems of cybernetics. Participants in the relationship management cybernetics primarily serve people. Production management has as its foundation rather social in nature. It is primarily management of human activities, and management features also carry people. It is obvious that the management cannot be completely formalized, although it may be to some extent, divided into separate, relatively simple, mathematically described by the operation. A number of functions and management techniques are extremely subject of production management. Certainly a wide Spector facilities are subject to examination by the management cybernetics is the economic system. The subject of the study is different in nature information processes, which occur in economic systems and mechanisms for economic management. Economic systems are the object of study of economic cybernetics and management cybernetics. Various economic theories are studying the relations of production, the operation of objective economic laws, or a deep foundation process of the economic system. Management cybernetics based on the results of economic analysis, in turn, examines the struc tural and functional forms of organization and management of these processes. With respect to management cybernetics is important to understand the basic concepts of cybernetics as a system model, a black box ; the principle of external addition, the feedback law is a necessary and sufficient diversity and related with the principal findings and conclusions. At the moment still an open question as how binds cybernetics and management. Quite simply, in the framework of this communication is a fundamental principle which is called feedback . It is the universality of the concept of feedback has allowed many to understand the phenomenon and to establish an analogue control processes in living organisms, machines and society. Between elements of two types of relationships real and substantive information. In general, the feedback means between the outputs of any element to the input of the same element are carried out directly or through other elements of the system. The concept of feedback takes the importance of management systems, because the feedback is used as a channel through which a governing body receives information on the status and results of operation of a managed object. In the example of management cybernetics feedback manifests the unity of management and control part. Figure It is known that the backbone of any economy is the production, creation of economic output. In turn, financial stability, solvency, liquidity, operational efficiency is impossible without having a sufficient level of scientific management theory and determined its effects on the economic processes of the enterprise. Thus, it is important to note that management uses achievements of cybernetics as a methodological and theoretical basis for making informed decisions and common issues, goals, objectives, functions and management practices. Conclusion Thus, summarizing all the above mentioned would like to highlight several key points that I made ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹for myself while working on this job. The emergence of cybernetics, the science of common patterns management processes, implemented in living beings, machines, and their complexes, and allowed to gather and synthesize a huge number of facts which showed that the management of all organized systems is similar. The difference in the management of objects relating to the criteria of purpose, objectives and content management. However, the structure and construction management processes in organized systems of all ranks have the features of a deep affinity, community. These circumstances are explained by the fact it seems to me that the management is always an information process. Cybernetics studies the receipt and transmission, storage and conversion, processing and use information. Communication between manag ement and information processes the major achievement management cybernetics. It helps to understand the technology management process and, most importantly, expose its study with quantitative methods. A distinctive feature of the cybernetic approach to learning and improving management processes the use of their counterparts in the animate and inanimate nature, and modeling. The main objective is to achieve on the basis of inherent methods and tools for the optimal level of control, i.e., the adoption of best management decisions. Thus, this is called a cybernetic control, which: Provides an optimal solution of multi- dynamic problems of the organization; Uses specific techniques, advanced cybernetics (feedback, self-regulation and self-organization, etc.); Extensive use of mechanization and automation of administrative operations through the use of computing and control technology and computer technology. Considers the organization as some larger system, each element of which is taken not only in itself but as part of a larger whole, to which he belongs; From cybernetics management borrows the following laws and principles of requisite variety, emergence, external addition, feedback, choosing solutions, decomposition, and hierarchical control and automatic regulation (self-regulation).

Career Profile. I Am Actively Pursuing A Challenging New

CAREER PROFILE I am actively pursuing a challenging new role as a Piping Supervisor where I can utilise my extensive training, skills and experience working on various oil gas, energy and construction projects over the past 14 years. As a capable and effective leader, I am confident I would make a valuable addition to your team with proven capabilities in supervising and developing work crews to ensure maximum productivity in line with project plans and specifications. Demonstrating hands-on experience in pipe and structural steel fabrication, welding, maintenance and commissioning, together with extensive experience in punch-listing, materials management and procurements activities. I possess strong technical skills and a sound†¦show more content†¦Ã¯Æ'Ëœ Committed to ongoing training and development with the ability to learn new skills quickly. ïÆ'Ëœ Consistently adheres to workplace OHS and Environmental policies and procedures. CURRENT LICENCES ïÆ'Ëœ New Zealand Passport ïÆ'Ëœ White Card, Queensland Government ïÆ'Ëœ ‘C’ Class WA Drivers Licence (exp. 2021) ïÆ'Ëœ MSIC - Maritime Security Identification Card (exp. 2018) COMPUTER SKILLS ïÆ'Ëœ Navisworks, SitePro, Microsoft Office ïÆ'Ëœ Capacity to learn new systems quickly easily EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Sep 2016 - Current CBI | www.cbi.com Wheatstone LNG - Ashburton North, Western Australia Piping Supervisor Chicago Bridge Iron Company, known commonly as CBI, is a large American conglomerate engineering, procurement and construction company, specialising in projects for oil gas organisations. The Wheatstone Project includes an onshore facility located at Ashburton North Strategic Industrial Area (ANSIA), located 12 kilometres west of Onslow in Western Australia’s Pilbara region. The foundation project includes two LNG trains with a combined capacity of 8.9 mtpa and a domestic gas plant. Key Duties: †¢ Contribute in the capacity of Piping Supervisor at the Ashburton North Strategic Industrial Area (ANSIA). †¢ Supervise a crew of up to 20 multifaceted tradespeople for all Train 2 and Train 3 piping activities. †¢ Provide supervision to safeguard the timely construction of pipe lines andShow MoreRelatedApplication for Graduate Program in Mechanical Enginnering for Standard University1211 Words   |  5 PagesI am Udit, a research fellow in Shock Tunnel Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay. I obtained Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering from IIT Bombay in 2012. I find myself fascinated by the fields of Gas Dynamics and Computational Fluid Dynamics. I am particularly interested in the areas of derivative fuels, combustion analysis and design of combustion chamber. 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Is Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Working Free Essays

Introduction Mental health now represents approximately 25% of the ill health burden and is also the single largest cause of disability in the United Kingdom (Hersen Sturmey, 2012). Additionally, statistics indicate that 25% of people in the country will experience mental disorder at some point in their lives with 0.01% experiencing severe mental illness. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Working? or any similar topic only for you Order Now More recent studies indicate that mental illnesses are responsible for approximately 40% of all morbidity in the United Kingdom (Beinart et al 2009). The National Health Service introduced improving access to psychological therapies programme with an aim of increasing the availability of therapies in the country. It is designed majorly for individuals with mild to moderate health difficulties like anxieties, depression, post traumatic disorders and phobias (Bullock et al 2012). Improving access to psychological therapies programme treats these conditions using different therapeutic techniques like cognitive behavioural therapy, couples therapy and interpersonal therapy (Barkham et al 2010). It essentially seeks to employ the least intrusive methods in treating patients. This approach is often referred to as the stepped care mode meaning that the patients first get low intensity therapy in form of computerised cognitive behavioural therapy and guided self-help. In cases where the lo w intensity treatments are inappropriate or unsuccessful the patients are often transferred to high intensity therapy in the form of one on one cognitive behavioural therapy. Improving access to psychological therapies programme has expended the provision of talking therapies in the United Kingdom and is the only instance in the world where the government has provided free talking therapy on large scale (James, 2010). IAPT is relevant to counselling psychology because it affects the therapies that counselling psychologies use in attending to the patients. The counselling psychologies are required by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to rely on the recommendations contained in IAPT while attending to the patients. Analysis of talking therapies The World Health Organisation defines health as a physical, mental and social wellbeing of an individual. However in most cases people do not regard mental and psychiatric problems as disease leading to the stigmatisation and marginalisation of the patients away from the normal way of life (Beidas Kendall, 2014). Although mental illnesses are not as obvious as physical illnesses, they cause serious changes in behaviour that lead to dysfunctional disabilities that interfere with actions, speech and thought. However, talking therapies offer the patients with mental illnesses an opportunity to return to normal way of life. Talking therapies are the most commonly used treatments as they allow the patients to express their thoughts, problems, emotions and feelings with the therapists. The patients are open with the therapists and trust them to generate solutions to their varied challenges (Robertson, 2010). The therapists can deliver therapy through direct interactions with the patients , computerised interactions or group discussions. All these therapies are designed for helping patients experiencing difficult times in their lives by initiating self-belief and optimism to facilitate the recovery process. Talking therapies are also known as psychotherapies or psychiatric counselling offers one of the best means of ensuring that the patients share their feelings with the therapists in order to help them prescribe the best means of helping the patients recover from mental illnesses (Corrie Lane, 2010). The therapies also present the patients with an avenue for speaking about how they feel more than their families, friends or anybody else would do, thus encouraging them to share as much information as possible for easy intervention by the therapists. World Health Organisation reports indicate that depression is among the major mental illnesses affecting people not only in the United Kingdom but across the globe. This has led to the great debate on whether talking therapies are efficient in curing such a widespread disease (Garrett 2010). Some critics of the talking therapies argue that the therapies alone cannot cure depression as curing the disease require other simultaneous treatments and even medication at times. For the psychiatrists to be more effective they need to be amiable and supportive in order to gain the trust of the patients so that they can open up and share more of their experience and challenges. They also need to be very sensitive to the feelings of the patients because for instance aggressive and uncompassionate patients tend to get more demoralised when they feel that they are worthless and insignificant (Cowen et al 2012). At times the therapists opt to make use of group therapy in cases where the patients share similar problems. In this case, all the patients sit down to share their anxieties and problems with each other. Group therapy helps the patients to open up and share their problems with other patients and agree that such problems have solutions which are only possible if they choose to support the efforts of the group. However in cases where some patients feel that they have been suppressed by the group or that the group has formed a judgement against them, it becomes difficult for the therapy to work as it further limits the interaction of such patients with the society and in the process worsening the conditions of such patients instead of delivering cure (Sturmey Hersen, 2012). There are also cases where the patients get extremely attached to the groups and become extremely dependent on them so much so that they are unable to make decisions without the approval of the group (Dartington, 2010).This is not good for them as it also exacerbates their conditions instead of pro viding cure. The talking therapies that focus on the provision of direct solutions to the patients are very effective in managing depression as the patients can use the direct advice given to them or even reject them in cases where they feel uncomfortable with such advice. However the inherent problem with this therapy is that the vulnerable patients might form a habit of letting the therapists solving their problems for them thus denying them the power of personal decision making (Lloyd et al 2013). Furthermore, in case such decisions fail to provide the desired solutions to the patients, they may form a revulsion against the therapist leading to more depression as they tend to get frustrated by the fact that they may never find a solution to their problems. Cognitive behavioural therapy deals with patients that suffer from very mild to moderate depression. It encourages patients to understand and accept their negative emotions and then provides assistance to them so that they can think positively and usefully (McHugh Barlow, 2012). The therapy involves both behavioural and cognitive therapy. Cognitive therapy is concerned with the patients’ thinking patterns whereasbehavioural therapy deals with associated actions. When the two approaches are combined carefully, they provide a powerful means of helping the patients overcome many emotional and behavioural problems. Cognitive behavioural therapy may involve a mix of the two therapies depending on the nature of the problem because some problems require more behavioural interventions while others require more cognitive intervention therapy. One of the strengths of the Cognitive behavioural therapy is that it not only aims at helping the patients overcome their conditions but also e quip them with new skills and strategies that they can use in solving future problems (Osimo Stein, 2012). The therapy examines all the elements that maintain the problems faced by the patients. It involves creating a partnership between the therapist and the patients and heavily involves the patients in planning and treatment throughout the process. Arguments for talking therapies used by IAPT According to McQueen (2008), the majority of the patients who use talking therapies say that it helped them as they benefited in many ways. First off, it gives the patients an opportunity to be listened to regularly and as such they are able to express their feelings to the therapists. This helps the patients to forget the bad things that happened to them in the past and start over afresh. In this way, the therapy ensures that the patients let out their feelings that could have otherwise remained deeply bottled up. The other benefit of talking therapy is that the therapists are non-judgemental and impartial while attending to the patients (Norman Ryrie, 2009). This helps the patients to share their negative feelings without the fear of being criticised making it easier for the counselling psychologist to attend to them. In addition to this, it boosts the confidence and self-worth of the patients which is crucial to their recovery because many patients struggle with this. Talking the rapies equips the patients with learning skills and techniques for managing anger or relaxation which is important in reducing the chances of the patients suffering a relapse of the diseases. Talking therapies helps the patients in combating loneliness because at times the patients do not have people to confide in, but the counselling psychologist gains their trust and present them an opportunity of opening up about how they feel and think and the reasons behind such perspectives (Mueller, 2010). The counselling psychologists ask the patients questions while respecting their boundaries which is important in getting them out their shells and suggesting ways of overcoming loneliness. Lastly, most of the time the patients are capable of solving the problems on their own but all they need is moral support when things get tough for them. This what talking therapies offer to the patients as the counselling psychologist offers them an opportunity for sharing their problems and provides the m with empathy that they may not be getting from friends and family. Arguments against talking therapies used by IAPT Walker Fincham (2011) claim that talk therapy is one of the best mechanisms available for the average individuals to deal with mental illnesses. However, one serious limitation to the therapy is that it is reliant on what the patients can remember. Most studies on talking therapies do not use the therapists or their techniques in evaluating the success of the therapy partly because most of them are written by professional counselling psychologists (Smith, 2012). Instead they focus on the willingness of their patients and their level of motivation in their quest for psychological assistance. Regardless of the techniques employed by talking therapy, it still has some inherent limitations. These limitations fall into general categories that include the level of motivation of the patient, nature of the problem and the skills of the therapists (Sturmey Hersen, 2012). Talking therapies are not able to achieve high levels of efficiency with the low motivated and uncooperative patients. T hese patients too need help but none of the techniques used by talking therapies can function without the active partnership between the patients and counselling psychologists. This implies that some patients are not able to receive treatment from talking therapies. The patients that come to the counselling psychologists with the expectation of the counselling psychologists doing something to fix them often go back home disappointed and quickly terminate the treatment once they realise that the process has nothing to do with doing something to someone but rather an interactive process of doing something with someone (Walsh, 2009). As such a well-motivated patient is more likely to receive effective assistance from a poorly skilled therapist than a low motivated patient is from a well skilled therapist. Conclusion The findings of this study reveal that although talking therapies being emphasised by IAPT have registered some levels of success, they have their own inherent weaknesses that limit the efficiency of care delivery offered by counselling psychologists. Counselling psychologists rely on these recommended therapies in delivering treatment to the patients with mental illnesses but the weaknesses in IAPT reduces the level of their efficiency. The major weakness of IAPT is its over reliance on talking therapies, particularly cognitive behaviour therapy. In addition to this, it fails to cover some sections of the population. In order to improve the efficiency of IAPT it needs to include other therapies and increase its coverage to include other neglected segments of the population like children and young people. Furthermore there is still need for the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to look into better ways of helping the counselling psychologists improve the quality of c are being offered to the patients with mental illnesses in the United Kingdom. References Barkham, M., Hardy, G. E., Mellor-Clark, J., Wiley InterScience (Online service). (2010). Developing and delivering practice-based evidence: A guide for the psychological therapies. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. Beidas, R. S., Kendall, P. C. (2014). 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